Criminality and Victimization Are Affected by Globalization

Criminality and victimization are affected by globalization; the rapid growth of urbanization; and economic recessions which reinforce concerns about safety and security. Governments have a key role in developing overall policies, and in promoting, coordinating and supporting crime prevention. On the other hand, personnel with different skills and roles in crime prevention, whether police officers, judges and prosecutors, probation officers, social workers, health service, researchers, civil society organizations and communities, all play an important role in crime prevention project development and implementation (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). Risk of crime At the global level, countries are influenced by: major population movements; rapid urbanization; environmental disasters; economic recessions and organized crime. Such events can manipulate the state of a country’s political economy and infrastructure, and the capacity to govern may also be affected (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). At the national level, situations that increase the risks of crime and victimization are: disparity in household income between the poorest and the wealthiest; corruption; the quality of the infrastructure and institutions; and social and cultural patterns (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). At the local level, poor housing and neighborhood conditions, lack of educational and health services, idleness, drug abuse and easy access to weapons can all increase risks. Disorganized schools can result in poor