Duels :: Essays Papers

Duels This is the greatness of Court: remove the women, duels and the ballet performances and I would not have any desire to live there. - A. d'Aubigne, Baron de Foeneste, Il, 17 Duels and the demonstration of dueling is something that has portrayed not just the creative mind of history specialists and current fighting lovers, yet additionally the brains of essayists and perusers of writing for quite a long time. The various abstract minor departure from the subject of dueling are sufficient of a sign of its significance, and the interest with the demonstration keeps on expanding. Be that as it may, dueling is in excess of an artistic peak or an unexpected development; duels have been being battled for quite a long time and are really subordinates of numerous medieval practices. The word duel has a few forerunners, contingent upon which history is being referenced. The most widely recognized type of the word is gotten from the German word Duell, which is a subsidiary of the Latin word duellum. Duellum is a mix of the Latin words bellum and team, which suggests a war between two. This straightforward definition is by all accounts the most well-known and the most unmistakable. History specialist Francois Billacois states that a duel is a battle between two or a few people (however consistently with equivalent numbers on either side), similarly equipped, to demonstrate either reality of a contested inquiry or the valor, fortitude and respect of every soldier (Billacois, 5). Historian Ute Frevert agrees, yet calls attention to that duels, particularly in the advanced time, were no false battles, yet genuine sections at arms in which the adversaries took a chance with their lives and which could bring about genuine injury, or even demise (Frevert, 11). Most contemporary history specialists accept that the cutting edge variant of the duel created out of three medieval organizations: the quarrel, the legal duel and the noble competition. The conviction that dueling was gotten from these three occasions is regularly alluded to as the coherence hypothesis. Fights in the medieval period happened when individuals endeavored to settle questions and get payback for affronts through private retribution, as opposed to by heading off to the specialists and entrudting them to settle the issue. Legal duels, then again, were legitimate acts, during which the two players (the offended party and the litigant) battled their complaints out on the combat zone with blades before an adjudicator.

Multiculturalism Literature Review essays

Multiculturalism Literature Review expositions Training in the United States should turn out to be fundamentally more multicultural on the off chance that it is to address the issues of its understudy base, as per revealed insights and consequences of studies. Such educational program changes will be required for youngsters at all instructive levels, from those by and large classes to those in outstanding or skilled projects. Throughout the following 50 years, the nation's Latino and Asian populaces are expected to significantly increase, reports the U.S. Registration Bureau. The white, non-Latino populace will drop to simply 50.1 percent by 2050 the most minimal in the country's history. The African-American populace is anticipated to ascend from 35.8 million to 61.4 million out of 2050, or an expansion of around 71 percent. Simultaneously, the world is getting significantly increasingly worldwide in financial, political, social and innovative circles. These variables, alone, will require an adjustment in the now normalized Anglo-American Studies report various different reasons notwithstanding populace changes that will make assorted instruction obligatory. Various reports show that a multicultural educational plan can build scholastic significance for understudies of shading, perspectives in ethnic gathering interrelationships and degree of inventive learning for everybody. Different advantages for understudies may incorporate more noteworthy scholarly association, further developed reasoning, upgraded scholarly and scholastic ability building, better cross-racial socialization (Bowen and Bok, 1998), and more groundwork for living in a socially rich As right on time as 1975, humanist Coser underlined the preferences picked up by all ages when living in complex social structures or social circumstances, as he characterized them, that are natural to the inhabitants yet frequently very discrepant with previous existences. Complex structures are made out of some somewhat than barely any individuals who have distinctive opposing desires for one other. Coser contends that unfamiliarity,... <!

6 top retail jobs this holiday season and how to get them

6 top retail employments this Christmas season and how to get them As the climate gets colder, that implies two things: the special seasons are coming, and there will be a great deal of occasional retail occupations opening up. Regardless of whether you’re searching for a side gig to bring in additional cash or a right-now occupation to get you through the special seasons, retail is the spot to be from October until January. The occasional occasion work is an enduring great open door for transitory work, or an encounter building work that can be your entrance point to a more extended vocation working in retail. Let’s take a gander at six of the top retail openings for work accessible this occasion season.Retail Sales AssociateThis is somewhat the exemplary occasional activity. Physical stores are busier than at any other time around the special seasons, and they need the sort of all-hands-on-deck staffs that will let them help those essential occasion deals while keeping the store running easily. Retail deals partners might be answerab le for loading racks, promoting, clerk ing, or working legitimately with clients. They may likewise be off camera, helping with approaching shipments and assisting with overseeing inventory.Holiday deals partners are generally expected to work long or late moves to suit for extended store hours, and conceivably on vacations (particularly as an ever increasing number of stores creep their Black Friday specials into Thanksgiving Day). It’s a chaotic pace and you might be relied upon to be on your feet for a large portion of it, so it’s critical to have the physical endurance to withstand the occasion surge. This activity may likewise included a specific measure of truly difficult work and reaching.To begin as a retail deals partner, the greater retailers (think Target, WalMart, Kohl’s, Toys ‘R Us, and so on.) are quite often employing occasional assistance, yet additionally make certain to look at littler stores, who may likewise require occasion associates. What you’ll need: A strong retail continue, first of all, and furthermore a solid arrangement of client support abilities. You’ll likewise need general retail aptitudes like great association, time the executives, the capacity to work freely without steady oversight, and math abilities. You’ll additionally should be adaptable on your accessibility to work.Customer Service RepresentativeMore clients implies more client needs, and numerous hides away organizations beef up their client assistance divisions for these special seasons. In retail, that frequently implies keeping an eye on the telephones, web visit projects, or web-based social networking stages to ensure that client issues and objections are being taken care of rapidly and suitably. Client assistance agents may likewise be entrusted with offering data to clients, preparing returns or discounts, raising client issues properly, and investigating explicit issues. Since client support doesn’t fundam entally concur with a store’s hours (and even less so if a store does a lively occasion business on the web), the movements might be for the time being, over ends of the week, or over occasions. This can be a great job for evening people, or somebody who has daytime obligations.What you’ll need: A strong client support continue. You’ll need client care aptitudes as a matter of first importance, just as tech abilities like dealing with multi-line telephones, recordkeeping programming, and web visit programs. You’ll likewise need solid critical thinking abilities, as a lot of your time might be spent assisting with diagnosing and resolve issues for customers.Holiday ActorMany shopping centers and stores (particularly retail establishments) have an occasion show with an intuitive segment (like Santa visits and photographs). In the event that you look like the cheerful old head mythical being himself, all the better. However, individuals of every kind are fre quently expected to assist with these showcases, shepherding kids through, or going about as mythical beings/reindeer/other occasion characters. You don’t need to have an Academy Award-winning resume, yet on the off chance that you’re keen on working in a retail location without being a partner on the floor, this can be a choice. You might be helping with photograph arrangement, or taking a shot at swarm/line the executives. The name of this position may differ by store. For instance, Macy’s calls their armada of occasional Santas and mythical beings â€Å"Santaland Sales Associates.†What you’ll need: Great relationship building abilities, particularly kid-accommodating ones. On the off chance that you’re keen on being Santa himself, there are really schools for that. Something else, abilities like association and time the executives additionally work well for you, as stores are similarly as keen on having these clients go through cash in th e store as holding up in line to see the occasion display.Retail Housekeeping Associate/JanitorWith the entirety of the seasonal shopping bedlam, stores can get jumbled and complicated. Enter the housekeeping staff. Like pretty much every other retail office, stores regularly need additional assistance in the cleaning office also. These partners might be liable for cleaning the store previously or night-time, keeping up clean open zones during business hours, restocking things like boxes and sacks in checkout zones, and by and large tidying up messes that happen in all the occasion uproar. The housekeeping staff enables the tasks of a store to run more smoothly.What you’ll need: Good time the board and hierarchical aptitudes, and the capacity to work freely to do what should be done.Warehouse/Shipping AssociateWarehouse staff are a higher priority than any time in recent memory in the internet business blast, and are basic to increasingly customary retail locations also. Thes e partners keep items on racks and showing up at customers’ entryways, and during the special seasons, organizations enlist more staff to suit the higher volume of requests. Stockroom partners might be liable for gathering shipments, planning shipments, handling active and approaching shipments, following stock, and utilizing overwhelming hardware (Iike forklifts) to move merchandise and shipments around. Numerous organizations (like Amazon) employ stockroom staff all around the nation to ensure their distribution centers and delivery offices are working at top limit during the bustling occasion season.Most organizations enlist occasional stockroom relates on low maintenance premise, yet there may likewise be full-time open doors accessible through the occasion season.What you’ll need: Good physical endurance, as this is regularly a physical and requesting work. You may should be on your feet for shifts, and might be required to perform truly difficult work or other ph ysical undertakings. You will probably likewise should be adaptable on planning, the same number of distribution center occupations have moves nonstop to suit occasion volume.Loss Prevention/Asset Protection AssociateWith occasion swarms come occasion shoplifters, lamentably, and stores know about the need to welcome on more safety faculty than expected to watch out for customers. Misfortune counteraction and resource assurance partners (maybe otherwise called security watches) are answerable for guaranteeing that representatives and clients are taking, and for guaranteeing the general wellbeing and security of the store. These partners might be positioned at specific focuses in a shopping center or store, or might be entrusted with flowing and observing potential dangers. Security partners may likewise work off camera, observing cameras or other reconnaissance hardware to keep up request and wellbeing, and catch would-be lawbreakers in the demonstration. You may need to work with p olice or other law authorization as important, and will probably get hands on preparing about store wellbeing and security techniques and best practices.What you’ll need: A secondary school degree or proportional, and earlier security experience is perfect. You may likewise need to pass a personal investigation. What's more, this activity likewise requires resilient individuals and client support skills.Retail employments can be quite differing, particularly when it’s the special seasons and stores need more individuals to do pretty much all that you can consider. On the off chance that you feel comfortable out on the store floor in the occasion swarms, incredible yet in the event that your abilities lean more toward off camera client assistance, or keeping up the store’s calculated business as usual, there are a lot of chances there also. On the off chance that you’re keen on getting an occasion retail line of work, an opportunity to begin is presently. Recruiting is generally done in a quick and angry manner to ensure all the staffing is set up before Black Friday advertisements begin hitting the wireless transmissions, so you should have the option to hop on open doors as you discover them.We’ve got all the apparatuses you have to begin in retail, make your resume, and prep for the meeting. Good karma, and cheerful occasion work chasing!

Hot Zone Book vs. Movie Essay Example for Free

Hot Zone Book versus Film Essay †¢In the book, we have Nancy and Jerry, and they are significant characters who manage Ebola. Likewise they are hitched. In the film, Sam and his ex has comparative moves like Nancy and Jerry. They attempt to stop the episode of Ebola infection in the monkey house. In the film Sam and his ex is separated and still have issues between them. †¢movie changed Ebola to an Ebola-like infection called Motaba, the states of the two sicknesses end up being comparative †¢The armed force avoided potential risk in the two cases, wearing Level 4 body-suits within the sight of the infection †¢They attempted to contain a town and bomb it, and that made it so strange that it in the end got hard to pay attention to anything the film says. This made the film anecdotal, and detracted from the danger and threat of this destructive sickness. †¢Robbie and Sam in the film. It made it fairly a sentimental romantic tale †¢Daniels-proportionate to Jaaxs †¢movie didn’t center around the monkey house by any stretch of the imagination †¢The pet store sort of replaced the monkey house in that the host contaminated others at the pet store. †¢both have a research center monkey getting away from its pen †¢In the film, the host monkey that was snuck gets free and undermines the lives of human race. In the book, one of the wiped out monkey in Reston escapes from its pen and Jerry goes through days attempting to get it †¢similar is the potential tear in the space suits †¢Both Sammy Daniels and Jerry Jaax share a solid worry over his better half or ex working with in the hot zone with the infection †¢Finally, the specialists in the book attempted to help the locals as well as could be expected, and in the long run wound up leaving the town and the individuals behind. In the film, the town, that had numerous individuals tainted with the infection, was annihilated by a bomb †¢In film, they get the monkey liable for everything

Management auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The executives inspecting - Essay Example This prompts the advancement of focused goals and measures, and the genuine gauges and destinations are contrasted with distinguish the potential holes and defects in the framework (pickett, 2005). The executives Auditing is applied at the center and structure of an association with its essential accentuation on extensively inspecting the structure, functionalities and overseeing bodies, offices, division heads and all the significant activities of an association. Also, the board inspecting goes about as an incredible asset that can possibly rise where it counts into the center activities of the executives of any association from a most noteworthy point to the least one. It further guarantees that a sound and idiot proof administration is being led inside and fortifies on the upgraded relationship with the outside world just if the inward activities of an association are run easily (Leonard). The executives reviewing is much every now and again exchanged with Internal Auditing or even Operational Auditing. As per IIA Institute of Internal Audit’s CEO, the administrative situations and complex business frameworks have advanced because of dynamic condition and for this inner review work has been set up to adapt up to the answer for these issues. This framework has been created by the inner evaluators and the corporate administration, hence this framework is huge to the improvement of business execution and recommending productive methods of enhancements to the line directors. (Wilson and wood, 1985). The board inspecting guarantees the productive and oversaw usefulness of all business tasks. It outfits upgrades and layouts reasonable proposals. It much of the time fortifies and improves the administrative proficiency. Also it outlines productive strategies and compelling procedures while planning obligations and obligations of the work power and in conclusion it effectively looks for the

Taking Classes at the ARC

Taking Classes at the ARC In my two years in Champaign, not once had I signed up for a class at the Activities and Recreation Center (ARC). That is, until my roommate convinced me to take a class with her. For $5 each, we signed up for an herb planting class. And you know what? It was amazing. The class began at 5:30 p.m. on a Tuesday evening. We arrived to find only four other participants, two instructors, and a table full of mason jars and herbs. The class began with an introductory powerpoint all about herbs, ranging from planting tips to the multiple uses for herbs. Then, the instructors used our fresh rosemary to sprinkle on top of homemade potato french fries for us to snack on while we planted. Finally, it was time to get our hands dirty. Photo by Rachel Hernandez The final products were absolutely adorable, and each participant got to take home three herb plants each. That meant six plants for just my apartment! We each got one basil, one rosemary, and one parsley. Would I recommend taking classes at the ARC to future and current Illini? Yes, absolutely, 100%. Not only was the class inexpensive, but it was such a fun way to spend time with my roommate, hone in my gardening skills, and meet new people. I will definitely be back for more classes, and recommend that all UIUC students do the same! Photo by Rachel Hernandez To discover current programs, check out Campus Recreation! Rachel Class of 2020 I am studying Middle Grades Education with concentrations in Social Sciences and Literacy in the College of Education. Although I now reside in Champaign, I am originally from Vernon Hills, a Northwest suburb of Chicago.

Ambiguity in Emily Dickinons Poetry - Literature Essay Samples

Emily Dickinson, in most of her poetry, proves to cherish ambiguity. Some of her poems can be perceived in multiple different ways of which none are right or wrong. Depending on how the reader sees and interprets the poem, the meaning is twisted to fit their view. The ambiguity in her writing relates to the idea that human beings cannot tell what the world means, but they try to figure it out anyway. Dickinson offers explanations and answers in a way that does not state them as facts, but proposes them as possibilities. In her poems â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz – when I died- and â€Å"I died for Beauty – but was scarce†, Dickinson uses ambiguity to suggest that there are several different ways to view the mysteries of the world. In the poem â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz – when I died-â€Å", Dickinson proposes answers to the question of the existence of divinity in the world. The narrator has died and is lingering around, with other people, waiting for the presence of â€Å"the King† (â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz† line 7). The â€Å"King†, in this use, is God. They want to witness a sign that there is divinity in the world around them. The only sign of anything in the room, however, is a fly. The ambiguity of the poem comes into play with two different readings, one negative and one positive. In the negative reading, the poem tells the tale of the anti-climax in the belief of divinity. People wait their entire lives in search of a sign of God, or divinity. In death, they hope to see a hint of what they believe in, but instead all there is is a fly buzzing about. In this reading, humans never get to experience God, despite their life-long beliefs. In the positive reading, on the other han d, humans ultimately see to see that everything is divine, including the fly. This interpretation suggests that the fly might be God, and even though there is no way to be sure, there are subtle hints. The fly is described as â€Å"Blue†, which is a color that is associated with the Virgin Mary and divinity (â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz† line 13), and it appears between the light and the narrator, which hints at light being a representation of understanding or heaven (â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz† line 14). This reading proposes that although there may never seem to be signs of true divinity while alive, humans will ultimately understand that everything they saw was divine. The two separate ways to interpret this poem were purposefully designed by Dickinson as offerings to the question of divinity that humans will never know the answer to. This poem’s ambiguity can lead readers in either direction, altering the meaning and the answer they see. The poem â€Å"I died for Beauty – but was scarce† tells the tale of two deceased people. One has lived life for beauty, and the other has lived for truth. The two talked at night until the moss that grew covered their lips and their names. This poem offers to readings in the same way as the poem, â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz – when I died-â€Å". The negative reading suggests that death and nature ultimately obliterate all of the high-minded searches for things like truth and beauty. These noble pursuits are nothing when death approaches. The names of truth and beauty, and the names of the people who devoted their lives to these virtues, are covered up by the growth of nature, and seemingly forgotten. The positive reading, however, proposes that as divinity is in everything, the moss is divine too, even as it grows and covers up noble pursuits. Also, the death of those in the name of beauty and truth represent universal unity. Although the two individuals may have spent their lives completely separate from each other, they are joined in death. There is solace in the unity of death, and the divinity of the moss proves to be special in covering the individuals. This poem’s ambiguity offers two different interpretations. One views the negative side of death in that it destroys all noble pursuits that have been life-long. The positive side offers comfort in the idea that death is a type of unity that all meet at, and that divinity can be found in even the miniscule things, such as moss. The ambiguity of the poem leads to different readings, and the reader is the one who decides how they view the message of the poem. In â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz – when I died-â€Å" and â€Å"I died for Beauty – but was scarce†, Emily Dickinson uses purposeful ambiguity to propose different possible answers to questions that human beings may never know the answer to. Questions about the divinity of the world and the aftermath of death can never be answered. Dickinson offers several different interpretations of her poems in order to propose possible answers. There is no right or wrong way of viewing the messages of the poems, because there is no right or wrong answer to the mysteries of the world. The technique of using ambiguity alters the poems meanings because each reading offers a different message. The reader sees and understands what they read the poem to mean, whether negative or positive, it is neither right nor wrong, and Dickinson created her writing specifically to suggest that the answers to the questions she writes about are arbitrary and can never really be answered.

Should Prostitution Be Legal - 1371 Words

Kayla Beaty College Success Professor Jernigan 02/04/2015 Prositution in the U.S For my paper I chose the topic â€Å"Prostitution In the U.S† I picked this topic because I feel as if there’s a lot to discuss about the subject itself. Prostitution in my eyes, should be illegal in all parts of America. I feel as if the crime itself is degrading not only to women, but the families of those involved that choose to commit these acts. My personal opinion, going more into detail is that I grew up viewing sex as a sacred act between two people that love and care about eachother. Sex, in my opinion is something that should be private and should be with someone that you know, and that mostly, you trust. I feel as since â€Å"buying† sex actually became a†¦show more content†¦If you as a woman, allow yourself to be tossed around sexually between men then you also, are going to reap what you sew. Prostitution has the power to spread many STI’s and many STD’s around America at an extremely high rate if legalized all across America and not just in the 11 counties of Nevada where it is legal. Prostitution is also another way for a man to be able to rape their victims without having to admit to themselves that it was in fact rape. Regardless if a woman is willing to have sex with a man for money does not change the fact that she doesn t have a right to say â€Å"no† when intercourse it being discussed. When a woman puts herself in the position of being a prostitute she’s not the only one that’s being affected by it at all times. Women who prostitute themselves also can have children that are being affected by the crime as well. Children look up to their parents from a very young age and having to imagine A child seeing men in and out of their mothers bedrooms and or lives I feel would be a hard pill to swallow for a child at any age. Prostitutes often lose all rights to their child when the crime comes to the light and having your mother disappear from you at a very young age would be abso lutely devastating, and even harder when you grew up and learned why. My last opinion on prostitution is that

Outline Of A Diversified Health Occupations Essay - 917 Words

Ryan Sherman Diversified Health Occupations Block 2A Sub-Sahara Africa Malnutrion Introduction Food will always be one of the most important things in your life. Every living thing on the face of the earth needs nutrition to survive, grow, and reproduce. Unfortunately, about 795 million people in the world do not have enough to eat. This number represents about 1 in 9 people on the planet and is much higher in developing countries where 13% of the population is malnourished. Malnutrition or malnourishment is a condition that results from eating a diet in which there are not enough nutrients or there are so many that the diet causes health problems. A malnourished persons body has difficulty doing normal things like growing and fighting illnesses. Two billion people in the world suffer from various forms of malnutrition. The most basic kind is called protein energy malnutrition. This includes low height and weight and a lack of nutrients that help the body to function properly. Another common group is overweight, obesity, and diet related diseases like diabetes and heart diseas e. When people refer to world hunger, they are talking about undernutrition. One of the places most affected by this is Sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa, the area of the African continent that lies south of the Sahara Desert, has the highest level of food insecurity in the world. Statistics †¢Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest prevalence of hunger. 1Show MoreRelatedOutline Of A Diversified Health Occupations Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesRyan Sherman Diversified Health Occupations Block 2A Sub-Saharan Africa Malnutrition Introduction Food will always be one of the most important things in your life. Every living thing on the face of the earth needs nutrition to survive, grow, and reproduce. Unfortunately, about 795 million people in the world do not have enough to eat. This number represents about 1 in 9 people on the planet and is much higher in developing countries where 13% of the population is malnourished. MalnutritionRead MorePerceptions And Realities Of Globalization Essay2001 Words   |  9 PagesWealthy societies, which have established highly advanced diversified economies and secure, stable governments, are considered the core economies. The United States, Canada, Japan, along with several other countries are included in this category. 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Without the financial support an Apple contract alone can offer, the fate of China’s economic health is in the western populations’ hands. Therefore, the adolescent views supported by western media surrounding the company are doing more bad than good. In order to save 1.2 million workers (Leach, 2012) from poverty, people should support FoxconnRead MoreFinancial Planning (Insurance) Case Study 9232 Words   |  37 Pages$150,000 as a line of credit. They are paying approximately $1,000 per month as interest-only payments. Their other personal expenses are around $40,000 p.a. and they spend an additional $15,000 p.a. on holidays. Aside from private health cover, car, and house and contents insurance, the only personal insurance they have is the coverage provided in Allison’s superannuation fund. They do not have a will or any powers of attorney but they want to ensure they have sufficient money forRead MoreFINS3637 Statement of Advice 2 7840 Words   |  32 PagesYou 9 3.1 Asset Allocation 9 3.2 Term Deposit 10 3.3 Share Portfolio 11 Australian Shares 11 International Equity 11 3.4 Home Loan 12 Your current home loan 12 Other options available to you 13 3.5 Insurance 13 Medicare Levy Surcharge and Private Health Insurance 14 Home and Contents Insurance 14 Travel Insurance 15 3.6 Salary Sacrifice 15 3.7 Self Managed Superannuation Fund 15 3.8 Estate Planning 16 What is estate planning? 16 Will 16 Testamentary trust 17 Power of Attorney 18 3.9 Pension 19 Account-based

Mental Health And Mental Illness Essay - 2973 Words

GENDER AND MENTAL HEALTH Mental Health definition â€Å"The capacity to flexibly adjust or adapt to the external world, form emotionally satisfying relationships, master developmental tasks, learn from experience, take responsibility for one s actions and deal with conflicting emotions†(Kaplan Sadock,1988) Introduction to Mental Health The human behavior their quality and how they experience things can be selected to get the idea of mental health and mental illness respectively. These ideas are always being disputed by the mental health expert and it has also been change over tome. And at same time time theories about mental health and mental illness cause vary between these two and to some extend it lies with in various group and various discipline that are concern with the large field of mental health that include right from psychology, psychiatry, psychotherapy, sociology and social work . Every culture has some notion of psychological or emotional difference. Which include all mental health professionals and lay people as well and they are very much conscious. That include large array and also cover a broad spectrum of severity. As feeling of suffering from ‘ bad nerves’ or persistently sad, ‘down’ together with headaches, and pains, or even more seriously as having thoughts, strange, frustrating or ‘antisocial’ behaviour. It is broadly classified into two groups first common ‘neurotic’ or non psychotic disorders that manifest with a mixture of depression,Show MoreRelatedMental Illness : Mental Health Illness2108 Words   |  9 PagesMerriam-Webster, mental health illness is described as a broad range of medical conditions (such as major depression, schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder, or panic disorder) that are marked primarily by sufficient disorganization of personality, mind, or emotions to impair normal psychological functioning and cause noticeable grief or disability and that are usually related with a disruption in standard judgement, feeling, mood, behavior, interpersonal interactions, or daily functioning. Mental healthRead MoreMental Health : Mental Illness1604 Words   |  7 PagesMENTAL HEALTH REPORT 1.Prevalence is the number of cases of disease in a given population and is defined with epidemiological data. Mental health is a person’s psychological well-being. Associated diseases have become increasingly prevalent in Australia over the past decade, with a recent advertisement by the ABC highlighting that 50% of Australians will experience a mental illness. Mental illness is responsible for the third largest burden of disease in Australia, making it a priority. †¢ MorbidityRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health1460 Words   |  6 Pageshaving mental health problems when actually they should be referred to as having a mental illness. Mental health is â€Å"a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community† (Mental health basics). Mental health is something a normal, healthy functioning human being has when everything in their head is in order. A mental illness is theRead MoreMental Health And Mental Illness1702 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween mental health and mental illness? Although the terms are often used interchangeably, mental health and mental illness are not the same thing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health is a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. However, mental illness is a recognized, medically diagnosable illness that resultsRead MoreMental Illness : Mental Health Illness1986 Words   |  8 PagesMerriam-Webster, mental health illness is described as a broad range of medical conditions (such as major depression, schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder, or panic disorder) that are marked primarily by sufficient disorganization of personality, mind, or emotions to impair normal psychological functioning and cause noticeable grief or disability and that are usually related with a disruption in standard judgement, feeling, mood, behavior, interpersonal interactions, or daily functioning. Mental healthRead MoreMental Health : Mental Illness1604 Words   |  7 PagesMENTAL HEALTH REPORT 1.Prevalence is the number of cases of disease in a given population* and is defined with epidemiological data. Mental health is a person’s psychological well-being. Associated diseases have become increasingly prevalent in Australia over the past decade, with a recent advertisement by the ABC highlighting that 50% of Australians will experience a mental illness. Mental illness is responsible for the third largest burden of disease in Australia, making it a priority. †¢ MorbidityRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health1284 Words   |  6 PagesMental Illness Mental illness has been the most overlooked issue in society today let alone within prisons. Researcher Lurigio (2001) explored studies from the 1970’s through to the 2000’s on the deinstitutionalization and restructuring of mental health laws that basically channeled the mentally ill into the corrections system. Often mentally ill offenders are released into community care. Lurigio emphasized that community based care â€Å"compartmentalizes† mentally ill offenders and creates limitationsRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health1724 Words   |  7 PagesVISUALISATION Mental illness is one of the major illnesses, some people face in everyday of their life, which can trigger them in one or the other as well prevent them to do things effectively as it use to be. According to Mental Health Foundation (2015), about a quarter of the population will experience some kind of mental health problem in the course of a year, this can happen either by anxiety and depression which is the most common mental disorder in Britain. Women are consideredRead MoreMental Health And Mental Illness1314 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding mental health is a very complex concept. The antiquity of mental illness and madness tells two common and defective definitions of mental health. The first, that mental health is the absence of mental illness, while the second that mental health is a state of well-being (Tudor, 1995). The fact that both definitions are reductive and the same word mental health is used to mean mental illness added more confusion to such term. However, i t is important to know what really is mental health and mentalRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health893 Words   |  4 Pagesreasons I wanted to write about mental health is because I do not think is discussed enough and more importantly I do not think it is given the importance it deserves. Mental Health is something you heard now and then, but it’s never actually discussed and it should. When I asked about this topic some people were uncomfortable, others were more open to discussion, but both of these people had something in common: they did not actually had an idea of what is a mental illness or disorder, the people who

Criminality and Victimization Are Affected by Globalization

Criminality and victimization are affected by globalization; the rapid growth of urbanization; and economic recessions which reinforce concerns about safety and security. Governments have a key role in developing overall policies, and in promoting, coordinating and supporting crime prevention. On the other hand, personnel with different skills and roles in crime prevention, whether police officers, judges and prosecutors, probation officers, social workers, health service, researchers, civil society organizations and communities, all play an important role in crime prevention project development and implementation (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). Risk of crime At the global level, countries are influenced by: major population movements; rapid urbanization; environmental disasters; economic recessions and organized crime. Such events can manipulate the state of a country’s political economy and infrastructure, and the capacity to govern may also be affected (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). At the national level, situations that increase the risks of crime and victimization are: disparity in household income between the poorest and the wealthiest; corruption; the quality of the infrastructure and institutions; and social and cultural patterns (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). At the local level, poor housing and neighborhood conditions, lack of educational and health services, idleness, drug abuse and easy access to weapons can all increase risks. Disorganized schools can result in poor

Nursing Shortage In America Free Essays

This paper examines the issue of nursing shortage in the light of the report published by the American Association Of   Colleges of Nursing on the subject . This report examines the issue in detail citing various reasons and issues concerning the problem . A brief overview of the report and further supportive facts are as under : Issue of Nursing Shortage: Ever since Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing practices, nursing has been playing a pivotal role in the delivery of health care. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Shortage In America or any similar topic only for you Order Now This has been due to the ever increasing demand made upon the health profession in all stages of its delivery. With increasing population and the plethora of diseases to combat, hospitals around the world are facing a lot of problems, nursing shortage being one of them. According to a report published by the American Association of colleges of nursing it has been cited that recent researches have pointed out that an acute shortage of nurses is being observed in the different states across America. It is projected that by the year 2024 the shortage would increase by 340,000 as compared to the current shortage of 118,000 nurses. The reasons for this shortage are the short term policies which have been formulated in this respect (AACN, 2007). Influencing Factors : Though a lot of factors are contributing towards the shortage of nurses , however the five main areas which need special emphasis in this regard include: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Training 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Poor job environment 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Increased patient turnover 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   High nurse turnover and vacancy rates 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Slow rate of growth of nurses A lot of attention has been given to producing medical doctors, very less attention has been given to the training of nurses. The other reasons cited in the report are the poor job environment, increased burden of patients, lower turnout. These factors are constantly challenging the health professionals. This is having an adverse impact on patient care. With the time slot available for each patient the level of nursing care has decreased a lot since the past few years. The increased frequency of errors being reported is also a result of these shortages. Other Studies: Besides the fact sheet which has been prepared by the American Association of colleges of nursing , a lot of studies have been carried out on this subject. Due to paucity of space a few of them are being presented for review: In an article published in readers digest in 2003, by John Prekannan has very rightly pointed out that if significant attention is not paid to the currently dwindling nursing population might adversely affect patient care. The increasing family pressure on nurses and their failure to tend to every case was cited as among the reason for a higher mortality rate. Another important point which has been made is the aloof attitude the patients experience from the nurses involved in their care. As compared to yester years when patients were received warmly by the nursing staff the present day health care is a constant reminder of the toll inadequate staffing may take on the already overburdened nurses (John Prekannan, 2003). In another research project which has taken a look over the reasons for this shortage has brought four main points in the lime light viz ageing workforce, declining enrolment, changing work climate and poor image of nursing (Goodin 2003). The answer to all these problems lies in formulating policies to combat this dearth of nursing professionals. Adequate resourcing and financing is the key when it comes to training programs. The grants which are being offered for the revival of nursing industry are not the only means of a revival but to change and bring about a powerful image of the nurses and to glamorize the profession is the key (Chandra , 2005)   . Solution : The focus needs to change from producing just doctors to the production of quality nurses so that the new trends and advancements which are taking place every now and then in the medical filed can be put into practical use by the sufficiently qualified nursing staff. Nursing programmes should be devised so that nurses may have a chance to develop and groom themselves according to the needs of the modern society. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing, Nursing Shortage Fact Sheet, Published 2007 John Pekkanen, Nursing shortage is America’s biggest health care crises, Article published in Reders Digest, September 2003 Janiszewski Goodin HGoodin , The Nursing Shortage in The United States Of America-an integrative review of literature, Published din Journal of advanced nursing, Volume 43 , Number 4 , August 2003. Chandra, Ashish, Willis, William K Importing Nurses: Combating the nursing shortage in America Copy right 2005 Heldref Publications    How to cite Nursing Shortage In America, Essay examples

The Crucible Symbolism free essay sample

Amidst his accusations, Jud GE Hawthorne says he is trying to overthrow the court and soon he is arrested for contempt of court. This is much like the McCarthy Era. In court, the accused (and innocence people would attempt to get out of questioning by pleading the 5th Amend .NET. In any other case, they would be safe from contempt of court, but not here. Many in innocent (much like Giles Corey) were arrested for contempt of court. In the final act of The Crucible, John Proctor decides hes going to confess , even Hough its AP lie, so he can be kept alive.When he confesses, Judge Detonator plans to hang his confession on the church door, which will excommunicate him from the church and most likely Salem. This is much like the McCarthy trials. Many innocent pep people were blacklisted just for being accused of communism, meaning that they lost their reputation and a lot of times, their job. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crucible Symbolism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though the McCarthy Era took place 260 years after the Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible symbolizes the injustice of the time accurately.

Diversity and Organizational Communication

Question: Discuss about the Diversity and Organizational Communication. Answer: Introduction: Cultural diversity is known as a combination of societies consists of human within a region or in a world as a whole. It can also be called as multiculturalism in an organization. In the era of globalization there are many societies around the globe who has emerged and carry many differences known as cultural differences like traditions, language, caste, dress and the different to interact.(Bantz, 2000) Diversity can be known as value and make the people unique if they show mutual respect and appreciate the differences and the similarities like religion, gender, ethnicity, education, gender, experience and culture. When in an environment diversity is respected and members work as a team and always be united then it becomes easier for everyone to apply ones talent, experience and the skills in achieving the companys objective along with the competitive advantage, whatever a person wants to become is assisted by demographic characteristics. Cultural experiences and feelings of a partic ular group reflects ethnicity and it also acknowledges that individuals have their primary culture but different from others but they does not exclude the capacity to learn new cultural behaviors from other groups.(Eastman, 2001) Generally people are characterized or culturally determined by the race rather than genetically or biologically as it is the concept through which groups are divided into biological and physical characteristics.(Walck, 2003) Culture should be learned and basically individuals are born and there are one or two characteristics which are common like hair texture or the color but on this basis we cant develop the belief, values and the practices of the cultural group. Benefits and Challenges of Diversity in the Workplace: Cultural diversity impacts day to day life and making the workplace diverse is very common and gives benefits to both the employees as well as the employers. Diversity in the workplace can increase the opportunities in the market, improves business image and make the recruitment easy. Respecting individuals difference can increase the productivity although in the workplace associates are interdependent. Flexibility and the creativity leads to competitiveness so, diversity becomes critical in relation to the success of an organization. Diversity in work place affects the culture and the productivity in various ways:(Gunter, 2010) Diverse background individuals share their talents, experiences and the skills which assists each other in achieving the objectives. Working with the people who have different experiences, background and the working styles leads to the innovation and the creative concepts. Companys who want to expand their business over shores can easily interact on a global basis with a broader client base and make it more relatable. There are various challenges which companies have to face while managing a diverse population. In diverse culture we have to recognize the values of differences, discrimination, and promoting(Joseph. G. , 2004). Negative attitude and behaviors can also affect can act as a barrier as it may harm the relations between the employees along with their work productivity and the morale.(Astrid C., 2004). Managers may get challenges with losing the work productivity and the personnel. Companies should focus on embracing diversity as it may yield a greater productivity and the advantages. Effective people management is directly associated with managing diversity in the workplace. Negative attitude at the workplace may include stereotyping, discrimination and the prejudice which management has never used for retention, hiring and termination. Australias Cultural Diversity: There are many organisations continuously make efforts for making their organisation culturally diverse, the main problem is that when we discuss about the diversity people only think about the gender diversity but it includes various factors like genders, ages and the cultural background. Few organisations in Australia claim that they have diverse workforce in their organisation but generally they meet only one criterion that is related to age but when it comes to representation of gender but they fall short in that. It has been researched that two- third of the population has a two way process of integration in which migrants wilfully adapt Australia and through this community learn more about their customs and the heritage.(Craig, 2016) It has been surveyed that people support multiculturalism, ethnic communities but across all the demographics. They believe that their success is directly related to the culturally diverse and socially cohesive nations and shows adherence to the beliefs and the values in Australian society. They are committed in relation to the law, their parliamentary rules and provide equal opportunity in relation to religion, race and the mutual respect.(Tim., 2015) Due to these reasons more than 7.5 millions migrates to Australia and reason being multiculturalism has become a great success. As a business they are committed for the high performance and provide equal opportunity to prove performance. They try to develop the leadership skills and skills for their female workforce who gives strong business results and as well as gender equality.(Joseph., 2014) Managing Cultural Diversity in Workplace: Managers are aware that for creating a successful and the creative workforce a certain skill is very important. Firstly they must understand the consequences of discrimination and then they must recognize all the prejudices and the biases.(Flagg, 2002) Diversity is related to difference among individuals not the differences in the individuals. Everyone is unique and have their own specialty for a particular group. For the successful future organizations and the managers must learn how to manage the diversity in the workplace. For success there is no single recipe and manager is the best person who can understand the best for the organization for its success a better team work is required at the workplace.(Allen, 2003) A workplace that includes everything is very complex as everyone has its own ideas and the working capability. Hence organizations should focus on to develop, maintain and implement the training sessions so that people may not change the behavior and understand the equa lity among themselves being from the diverse culture.(Eastman D. , 2001). When an organization or a manager address issues that are related to an organization are all addressed that gives positive impact and make the employee comfortable so that they he may not hesitate while giving suggestions and in their involvement with it diversity gives benefits to an organization. Organizations should think twice and try to remove the notions which has been pre conceived and they should wisely invest a specified amount for the betterment of the company and they should create a proper strategy and implement it in the department and functions of the organization. Conclusion: Cultural Diversity is common these days in the era of globalization and to understand it become very important for any of the organization. If company wants to manage leadership along with the company policies then they have to be associated with the Cultural diversity(Limaye, 2001). Managing diverse culture is very important as if not done well then could bring down the financial status of the company and managing cultural diversity is the primary responsibility of a manager. In an organization one should believe that all cultures are equal and they all together can make a dedicated and a motivated workforce which could help in turning companys liability into benefits or assets. (Fine, 2003). To manage peoples perceptions and attitudes is very challenging. Diverse workforce reflects the changed world and the market place. Diverse work teams respects the difference related to individual by increasing work productivity and brings high value to the organization. In the globalized marke t there are many companies who has built their team with diverse workforce and adapt diverse culture also. Companies should use educate about the issues, regulations and laws about the diversity.(Enterprise, 2001) Bibliography: Allen, B. (2003). Diversity and Organizational Communication. Journal of Applied Communication. Astrid C., D. D. (2004). Work Group Diversity and Group Performance:An integrative model and research agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology . Bantz, C. (2000). Cultural diversity and group cross cultural team research . Journal of Applied communication research . Craig, L. (2016). Cultural diversity is one of our strengths. The Australian. Eastman, D. (2001). Improving cross- cultural communication during complex information system development. Journal of Management Systems . Eastman, D. (2001). Improving cross-cultural communication during complex Information system development. Journal of Management Systems . Enterprise, B. (2001). "Managing a multicultural workforce". Black Enterprise Magazine . Fine, M. (2003). New Voices in the workplace:Reseach directions in multicultural communication. Journal of Business Communication . Flagg, A. (2002). Managing diverse workgroupssuccessfully. United Behavioral Health. Gunter, S. K. (2010). Unraveling the effects of cultural diversity in teams:A meta-analysis of research on multicultural work groups. Journal of International Business Studies . Joseph., A. (2014). Diversity in the workplace. Australian Government(Department of Social Services). Joseph., G. (2004). Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges and the Solutions. Alpha Measure. Limaye, M. (2001). Responding to work force diversity:Conceptualization and search for paradigms. Journal of Business and Technical Communication . Tim., D. (2015). Cultural diversity in the workplace. Australian Human Rights Commission. Walck, C. (2003). Diverse approaches to managing diversity. Journal of Applied Behavioural Science .

The End Of World War I Essays - French Third Republic,

The End of World War I When World War I ended on November 11, 1918, peace talks went on for months due to the Allied leaders wanting to punish the enemy and ?dividing the spoils of war.? A formal agreement to end the war was made and called the Treaty of Versailles. The issue that took the most time were the territorial issues because the empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman, and Germany had collapsed. These fallen empires had to be divided up and America's President Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau of France, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, and David Lloyd George of Great Britain, were the main deciders of this deal. During 1918, Russia was knocked out of the war due to military defeats and the Bolshevik Revolution. Even though Russia had not been part of the Central Powers, Germany seized much of western Russia. After many months of arguing, the four men had made western Russia into the nations of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland. The Treaty of Versailles was either a treaty of peace or a vengeance for the Germans. In April of 1919, Germany was previously captured and made to wait in a small house that was surrounded with barbed wire. The Allied, who captured Germany, wanted to make a peace treaty to end the fighting. The Germans agreed, but they wanted a treaty that was based on the Fourteen Points but obviously they were not going to get it because of the way they were treated; the barbed wire was unnecessary and ?should have tipped them off to what lay ahead.? When the treaty was first introduced to the Germans, they declined to sign it. It forced the Germans to accept full responsibility for the war and strip themselves of its colonies, coal fields, and the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine. It also made them pay outrageous reparations to the Allies. Nevertheless, on June 28, 1919, the Germans reluctantly signed the treaty because the Allies refused to change one word. Out of the $33 billion dollars the Germans had to pay for damages, the country was only able to pay $4.5 billion of it. The terms of the Treaty of Versailles helped set the stage for another world war less than 20 years later because the Allied wanted to stop Germany from ever becoming imperialistic again and still have them pay the war reparations. Germany opposed these actions and was the most effected by the terms of the Versailles Treaty. Germany got the blunt end of the war and was desperate to find a new leader to get out of their depression. That leader was Adolf Hitler. World War I was won by the Allied in which a formal agreement was made called the Versailles Treaty. It both brought peace and war in the coming years. Due to the harsh life styles it forced Germany to live, World War II broke out within twenty years time from the treaty.

Executive Summary Research Paper Example

Executive Summary Research Paper Example Executive Summary Paper Executive Summary Paper The report started with the introductory remarks, and then subsequently summarizes the operations of Cordial Design Ltd, theoretical aspects, analysis ND findings of industrial relation, major findings and the closing part consists of conclusion and recommendations. The introduction of this report is emphasized the background, objective, purpose, scope, data analysis and reporting, methodology and the limitations of the report. Data have been collected through structured interview, conversation and from company profiles. The second part of the report summarizes the operations of Cordial Design Ltd includes many significant components. This chapter covers the historical overview, mission/vision, objectives, services, major product, marketing network, price of the product, and SOOT analysis of Cordial Design Ltd. The theoretical aspect of this report is mentioned regarding definition of industrial relation, related terms of industrial relation, objectives and actors in industrial relation, importance and theories of industrial relation. Next part focused on the analysis and findings of overall industrial relation scenario in of Cordial Design Ltd, depiction of organism, manpower, and activities of HER department of Cordial Design Ltd. In this part we have done a survey with some define questionnaire and based on that findings we illustrate overall industrial relation, main constraints behind sound industrial relation, procedure of recruiting and selecting of new employees, techniques to use assess training needs, approaches to apply setting disputes, employee performance, procedure of employee termination, solving techniques of internal conflict, available compensation package, preferred compensation package, types availability of on-the-job and off he-job training, expected outcomes from training, further assessment of promotion criteria career proceed in Cordial Design Ltd. Next part covers the major finding of the overall industrial relation in Cordial Design Ltd. We found complex functional structure and unrealistic goal setting is the main constraints behind sound industrial relation in Cordial Design Ltd. Not only that there are some internal, external as well as legal factors involved at the time of recruitment in Cordial Design Ltd. Also this part covers the employee termination approach in Cordial Design Ltd. Then the conclusion of this report encompasses the overall industrial relation along with all the negative and positive edges in Cordial Design Ltd. This organization not only contributes in national economy but also helps the poor and associated communities with regular supplementary income. Thus industrial relation of that organization should be in a standard so that it not only satisfied its staffs but also gives the best comfort to its internal staffs as ell by ensuring best practicing industrial relation standards. The recommendation part measures to improve the present industrial relation in Cordial Design Ltd. We recommend redesigning the attractiveness of the job and trying to shrinkage government influence. Also practiced some structured training for their employees including both on-the-job and off-the- job training. Payment structure is another recommended area where Cordial Design Ltd. Can focus if they want to establish a good industrial relation.

Planning in Ireland. Does Planning Ensures Economic Growth Essay

Planning in Ireland. Does Planning Ensures Economic Growth - Essay Example The city Dublin, founded as a Viking settlement, the city has been Ireland's primary city for most of the island's history since medieval times. Today, it is an economic, administrative and cultural centre for the island of Ireland, and has one of the fastest growing populations of any European capital city. The economic boom years have led to a sharp increase in construction, which is now also a major employer, especially for immigrants. Redevelopment is taking place in large projects such as Dublin Docklands, Spencer Dock and others, transforming once run-down industrial areas in the city centre. This would have not been possible if there had not been strategic planning with visionary economic ambitions. Hence, the supreme justification of planning lies with its expected output. Otherwise no economy would accomplish its strategic design based on the available resources and its management. In the 1920s and early 1930s, the Republic of Ireland pursued a low-tax, low-spending, non-interventionist approach under the government of W. T. Cosgrave and Cumann na nGaedhael, focused mainly on agriculture, livestock farming being of primary importance. The only notable expense the government went to during this time was for the rural electrification scheme, which saw 5,000,000 being spent constructing the Ardnacrusha hydroelectric power station on the river Shannon. During this period, 97% of trade was done with Britain. This government favored free trade. However, this proved inadequate after the Wall Street Crash of 1929. Ireland, as we know, is the third largest island in Europe and the twentieth largest island in the world. Politically, the Republic of Ireland covers five sixths of the island, with Northern Ireland, part of the United Kingdom, covering the remainder in the northeast. According to Government census carried out in 2007 the population of the island is slightly under six million with almost 4.25 million in the Republic of Ireland, 1.7 million in Greater Dublin and an estimated 1.75 million in Northern Ireland, 0.6 million in Greater Belfast. This is a significant increase from a modern historical low in the 1960s, but still much lower than the peak population of over 8 million in the early 19th century, prior to the Great Famine. In 1932, Eamonn De Valera's Fianna Fil party defeated Cosgrave's party with a solid majority. De Valera's policy was of economic nationalism, a belief in self-sufficiency, and attempted industrialization. The economic war resulted in widespread hardship for Irish farming, which was the backbone of the economy, and which relied on exports to English cities for a market. The tariffs resulted in price increases for many essential manufactured goods, and an increase in the cost of living. High unemployment in richer English speaking countries made emigration from Ireland less of an option, decreasing wages. Northern I reland experienced a boom during World War II, as a result of demand for its principal industries, shipbuilding and linen making, and got a lot of support from the British government thereafter. Purpose built industrial estates was developed in most large towns. Rural Electrification, the division of large estates, and agricultural scientific education resulted in dramatic increases in agricultural output in the 1960s. In 1972, secondary level education was made free and compulsory. The Republic applied to join the European

Professional Sports Leagues Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Professional Sports Leagues - Coursework Example Where the NRL’s teams are losing their value as the number of attendances went down by 3% and NRL also lost $1.8m on the finals series. Youth Football Fund Grassroots has been initiated by NLF along with Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC) to provide financial and technical assistance in order to improve the quality, safety and accessibility of local football fields to middle schools and high schools. It is a non-profit program that offers opportunities for recreation, education, and relaxation that contribute to the local quality of life, especially for the youth (Titans, 2015). This initiative would be highly helpful in creating exposure to young athletes towards football. In my opinion NRL should invest more in advertising and sponsorship as decided by the company. It should also take initiatives like NFL to increase exposure and awareness amongst young athletes. This would also help in attracting youngsters towards the sport. It can also build up a nonprofit club in the center of the city with the sole aim of promoting the sport and developing the skills of the young ones for rugby. These programs would definitely contribute in increasing diversity exposure for the professional league. Australian Association Press. (2014).  Rugby league will be biggest sport in Australia, says NRL chief.  the Guardian. Retrieved 24 January 2015, from http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2014/feb/24/rugby-league-biggest-sport-in-australia Burke, M. (2013).  How The National Football League Can Reach $25 Billion In Annual Revenues.Forbes. Retrieved 24 January 2015, from

Reflective Practice And Risk Essay

Reflective Practice And Risk Essay The purpose of this essay is to critically evaluate the following statement with reference to my own practice experience in working with risk. As social workers it is especially critical that we apply a resilience-lens, that is, a strengths-based practice approach (Saleeby, 2006, p.198). With the focus of this piece of practice on working with a family, this essay will predominantly explore the above statement from the perspective of a Children and Families placement. The essay will start with a brief outline of the practice experience that will be referred to and will then explore the concepts of resilience and strengths-based practice as well as risk assessment and risk management. The social, cultural and political concepts that shape practice in relation to risk management will also be explored. A reflective discussion of my practice will follow and this will incorporate the concepts of resilience and strengths-based practice as well as risk assessment and risk management and how this approach was utilised to complete BBs Pre-Birth Assessment. This discussion will also be set within a theoretical framework of reflection. The practice experience that will be referred to within this essay is the assessment process I undertook in order to prepare for the completion of a Pre-Birth Assessment which had been requested by the Community Ante-Natal Midwife. The completed Pre-Birth Assessment would be sent to the Local Authoritys Child Protection Officer. This was in line with the Local Authoritys High Risk Pregnancy Protocol. BB is 18 years old and pregnant with her second child. She lives alone in local authority housing in a small village. Her oldest child, CA, was at the time of the referral 9 months old. BBs partner, BA, who is aged 21, is currently in prison serving a two year sentence for Assault to Severe Injury. BA is not expected to get released from prison until October 2010. The Midwife was concerned that BB would find it difficult to cope with the new baby as well as her daughter and described BB as appearing to lack capacity in her understanding of responsibility of CAs health and welfare and the health and well-being of both herself and her unborn baby. The midwife also raised concerns about BBs mental well-being with respect to her partners long term prison sentence and in particular raised concerns that BB was finding it difficult to contemplate the birth of her second child without the support of her partner. The Midwife was satisfied that substance/drug misuse was not an issue with BB. The concept of resilience refers to a dynamic process of overcoming the negative effects of risk exposure, coping successfully with traumatic experiences and avoiding the negative pathways associated with risks. (Rutter, 1985; Luthar et al, 2000). From a developmental perspective, a pathway can become negative when circumstances lead to lower than expected progress or regression. Positive pathways occur as individuals or families overcome adversities. Turning points represent times when a pathway alters direction, such as when professional intervention enables a family or individual to start on or return to a positive pathway. (Hill et al 2007). Gilligan (2004) also suggests that three elements are seen as essential to understanding resilience which arises from a process and results in positive adaption in the face of adversity. Further to this, Fergus and Zimmerman (2005) argue that a key requirement of resilience is the presence of both risk and protective factors that either help bring about a positive outcome or reduce and avoid a negative outcome. In order to illuminate how resilience may operate, the key relationships in the lives of children and their families should be explored. The relationships the children and their families have with the wider world as well as their relationships with professionals should also be included in this exploration. (Gilligan, 2004). According to Hill et al (2007) many of the findings concerning resilience among young people as they move into adulthood are relevant to parents. The capacities and supports that assist their resilience also help them manage stresses arising from parental roles. However, much of the work on parent and family support has been based on the concept of coping and the development or building on the strengths of families facing difficulties rather than that of resilience (Pugh et al, 1995; Quinton, 2004). Nevertheless, as Hill et al (2007) point out successful coping equates to resilience (Hill et al, 2007, p.19). In order to identify and bolster strengths, as well as reduce risk Corcoran and Nichols-Casebolt (2004) consider how a risk and resilience ecological framework (Kirby and Fraser, 1997) can fit with social works emphasis on empowerment and the strengths-based perspective. Corcoran and Nichols-Casebolt (2004) put forward the ideas that the strengths perspective underlies the concepts of protective factors and resilience in which people are not only able to survive, but also triumph over difficult life circumstances. The ecological emphasis of the framework expands the focus beyond the individual to a recognition of systemic factors that can create problems as well as ameliorate them. (Corcoran and Nichols-Casebolt, 2004, p.212) In describing elements and principles of strength-based practice, Saleeby (2000) asks us to imagine an equilateral triangle. P at the apex stands for promise and possibility whilst C on the left represents capacities, competencies and character. R on the angle to the right symbolises resources, resilience and reserves. Taking into account the character and tenor of the helping relationship using the work of Carl Rogers (1951) by utilising respect, genuineness, concern, collaboration and empathy as well having useful and appropriate interventions can provide a context for the family and/or individual to confront the difficult and consider the future. Central to the strengths approach is to begin making an assessment of the assets, resources and capacities within the service user and equally within their environment e.g. household composition, extended family, neighbourhood and local amenities as well as access to community resources. (Saleeby, 2000; Corcoran Nichols-Casebolt, 2004). Further to this, professional assessment needs to focus on strengths as well as deficits, on protective as well as risk factors. (Werner Smith, 1992; Gilligan, 2001). What also needs to be understood, in terms of professional assessment is that protective and risk factors have been found to vary according to the type of adversity, type of resilient outcome and life stage. Also risk factors in one context may by protective in another. (Rutter, 1999; Ungar, 2004). Risk assessment should be understood as collecting information on the two key risk elements; these are known as the outcomes (also known as the consequences, harm or damage) and their likelihood (also known as chance or exposure) and to assess a risk both should be taken into consideration. (Carson Bain, 2008; Titterton, 2005). Risk assessment is also described as a systematic collection of information to identify if risks are involved and identifying the likelihood of their future occurrence. It can also be used to predict the escalation of the presenting behaviour as well as the service users motivation for change. (Calder, 2002) When considering outcomes Carson Bain (2008) argue that a risk assessment only requires from a legal, ethical and professional perspective to cover reasonable outcomes. The goal should be to include as much information, and as many considerations as necessary but to keep the decision as simple as possible. Including unreasonable outcomes quickly become counterproductive and thereby show poor practice. Further to this beneficial outcomes should also be taken into consideration. Risk assessment should also take into account that risk is being considered, and can be justified because its likely benefits may be more important than the possible harms. Quality risk assessment requires us to think about the amount of harm and/or benefits which might be achieved. When assessing likelihood Carson Bain (2008) suggest that the knowledge source and the quality of knowledge are variable. They advocate the adoption of the cognitive continuum model by Hammond (1978 cited in Carson Bain, 2008). This suggests that we should be able to distinguish six levels of knowledge. The lowest level being intuitive judgement next is peer-aided judgement where two or more people will share knowledge, experience and discuss assumptions and predictions. The third is system-aided judgement e.g. supervisor/manager aided. The final three levels relate to the quality of scientific and empirical research which may or may not be available. However, as Carson Bain point out the value of the cognitive continuum is that it reminds us that When making an assessment of likelihood we ought to use knowledge from the highest level, providing it is relevant knowledge. (Carson Bain, 2008, p.142) Therefore, when conducting an assessment, it is important that the nature of the interactions between the family and environmental factors are examined carefully, including both positive and negative influences and knowledge and meaning attached to them explored and weighed up with the family. What is useful in this respect is the use of grids and visual aids such as resilience/vulnerability matrix (Daniel Wassell, 2002), My World Triangle and genograms. The usefulness of these is enhanced when completed together with the service user. At this point it is useful to mention that there are two basic assessment tools used to assess risk. These are clinical which involves professional judgement, information from research on risk factors and constructs risk management as well as allowing intervention strategies to be tailored to situation. The other is actuarial and is based upon statistical calculations of risk and uses scales to assess parental dangerousness. This method does not allow for children and their families unique cluster of circumstances and also takes no account of child development theory. (Barry, 2007; Davies, 2008). Risk management is discovering and controlling the dimensions of the proposed risk into a plan to manage the risks; it is involved with implementing, monitoring, influencing, controlling and reviewing the risk decision. Risk dimensions are features of risk that could be influenced by the practitioner, for example the available (and the availability of) resources to manage the risk and uncertainty (Carson and Bain, 2008). Gurney (2000) defines risk management as processes devised by organisations to minimise negative outcomes and suggests that risk management moves along a continuum between control, legitimate authority and empowerment. Between the empowering and controlling ends of the continuum lie models of risk minimisation which seek to reduce harms and maximise benefits. (Manthorpe, 2000). However, in order to have good risk management we must be able to make effective use of all the dimensions of the risk assessment. Risk management suggest ways in which a decision may be best implemented. Different levels of resources may be applied. For example, the child who is perceived possibly to be at risk may be visited more frequently. People are an example of a major resource for risk management. The number of people being able to visit to check on a risk decision will be important but will be of little advantage if they are not sufficiently knowledgeable or skilled in identifying problems or opportunities and to make appropriate interventions. However, the availability of resources is money orientated and the availability of risk management resources in one part of the country (or neighbouring local authorities) could lead to a different risk proposal being assessed from that in another local authority that does not have those resources available. (Carson Bain, 2008) Webb (2007) identifies social work as operating within a risk society, that is, a society which views risk as something which should be managed and can be identified and eradicated. Since the beginning of the 21st Century there have been several reports regarding child abuse deaths and, as pointed out by Ferguson (1997), there are Few more disturbing phenomena in advanced modern society than the premature deaths of socially valued children who were known to be at high risk. (Ferguson, 1997, p. 228) Examples of high profile child death inquiry cases include Victoria Climbià © (2003), Caleb Ness (2003) and Baby P (2008). These are all very good examples of how the media and public blamed practitioners. The resultant media coverage of how risk assessment and risk management have failed along with demands for minimising risks and organisational and professional accountability have, over the years, constrained the role of a social worker. With respect to this Houston and Griffiths argue that Approaches to risk assessment and management in child protection have led to an emphasis on prediction, control and culpability. (Houston and Griffiths, 2000, p.1). Furedi (1997) argues that the worship of safety and the avoidance of risk make up the new moral order, an order which is prescriptive, intrusive and deeply anti-humanistic. From this perspective, concern about identifying risk is becoming more dominant than concern about identifying need in assessment and resource allocation in risk management. Avoiding risk is a difficult business which cannot be reduced to simplistic methods and rather than try to calculate the incalculable social workers should develop mutually trusting, respectful relationships with service users. Also this approach to risk assessment and risk management may deny the social worker empowering approaches which respond to need, focus on prevention and which more centrally tackle issues of poverty and social inequality. (Stalker, 2003; Ritchie Woodward, 2009). Further to this Ritchie Woodward (2009) point out that if social workers are preoccupied with high risk situations they are less likely to find the space to work either creatively or therapeutically. Additionally, the Changing Lives Report (2006) suggested that the social work profession had become increasingly risk averse. One of the key areas identified in Changing Lives was the need to develop a new organisational culture and approach to risk management and risk assessment which promoted excellen ce. (Scottish Executive 2006). In order to complete BBs pre-birth assessment I took into account risk factors and strengths which I had to analyse and reflect on. Calder (2002) offers a framework for conducting risk assessment by assessing all areas of identified risk and ensuring that each is considered separately e.g. child, parent and surrounding environment. To counteract the risk factors present family strengths and resources were also assessed, for example good bonding, supportive networks. I undertook research regarding parental resilience and according to Hill et al (2007) a vast array of research shows that parents in poverty or facing other stressors usually cope better when they have one or more close relationships outside the household and these are activated to give practical, emotional or informational support. In the case of BB she had a practical and supportive relationship with her mother as well as the support of her extended family which included her grandmother. BB also had a good relationship with BAs family and his mother in particular was a source of support for BB as she regularly took CA overnight. Whilst completing the assessment I centred my practice on the strengths-based perspective. As Saleeby (2000) explains the work of the strengths-based approach is the work of empowerment as both a process and a goal. As a goal, those who are empowered seek a firmer sense of purpose, self-esteem, the possibility of choice and connections to resources. As a process it is the collaboration between a social worker and a family or individual, working together on a mutual plan that will move them closer to their aspirations. Utilising a strengths-based practice with BB was important as she was finding it difficult to interact with the Community Health Visitor and Midwife. BB felt that she was a bad parent as she was not conforming to the routines the Health Visitor had recommended. BB also described how she felt that the Health Visitor was judging her and finding her wanting as a parent. Taking this conversation into consideration I realised that BB had no sense of self-efficacy, self-esteem or self-concept which Payne (2005) describes as resources that people have in order to cope. However, BBs strengths lay in the care of her daughter. She had a good bond with her daughter and was quick to attend to her needs. BB also had a routine in place with regard to mealtimes, naps and a bedtime routine. CA was also reaching her developmental milestones, had age appropriate toys and had the freedom of the living area. BB had also erected a baby gate to stop CA from gaining access to the kitchen and stairs. After a thorough analysis and supervisory discussions with my practice teacher I recommended that a Post-Birth Multi-Agency Conference not be convened. BB was happy to continue to work voluntarily with the Children and Families Area Team which would allow ongoing assessment and intervention. However, I recommended that a Post-Birth Multi-Agency meeting be arranged to discuss future interventions as I was aware that the birth of the new baby could be a future pressure on BB. I also recommended a further assessment take place when BA returns to the family home in October 2010. These recommendations were accepted by the Child Protection Officer at the Local Authority. In conclusion, Kolbs Reflective Cycle (1984) was useful in the reflection of my practice concerning BB as it allowed me to take into account Scottish Social Services Council (SSSC) Codes of Practice, particularly Section 4.1 and 4.2. This reflective cycle also helped me look at BBs situation holistically by looking at resilience and risk, strengths-based practice and risk assessment and management. On reflection I felt confident that I had used the resources available to me well, particularly research and knowledge and I could justify my risk decision if harm was to occur and would be able to explain how I came to my risk decision. Overall, I felt that my first practice was very much influenced by the negative issues associated with risk however, I believe that this placement allowed me to put risk, risk assessment and management into perspective and accepting that risk decisions should not be influenced by the blame-culture but from a balanced approach which takes into consideration beneficial outcomes. This will in the future enable me to better support service users. 2,998 words

Examining “Don’t Eat This Book” Essay

Morgan Spurlock’s book is an outstanding indictment on people’s eating habits and a marginally effective indictment of the big food industry. The reason for this â€Å"half and half† success is that while Spurlock does properly show that people are guilty of making poor decision that lead to obesity, he falters when he tries to place a large volume of the blame of the â€Å"Big Food† industry. While Big Food is definitely not the friend to people looking to lose weight as the Big Food industry places an amoral desire to boost profits at the risks of health, the bottom line is (and always will be) Big Food loses all its power when people cease to consume and people simply refuse to cease consuming. Spurlock does point out that there is only one method designed to lose weight: reduce calorie consumption either by reducing the amount that is eaten (a decent idea), increasing exercise (better idea), reducing food consumption and replace the bad food that is consumed with high quality food while increasing one’s activity level (the best plan of action). Spurlock confronts people with their decided lack of exercise and challenges people to get up and move! He also confronts people with their food choices. Where Spurlock succeeds magnificently is he enlightens people who may be somewhat confused as to why they cannot lose weight even though they follow fad diets and cut back on their consumption. By pointing out to people that most fad diets are designed to drop water weight and fool people into thinking they lost fat as well as pointing out that eating food high in sugar and fat means higher calories, Spurlock shifts people’s focus on where it belongs when it comes to diet. Their focus belongs on the basics: proper diet and exercise is the cure. Spurlock also successfully points out the reason why fast food is a surefire path to obesity because the processed nature of such food is a â€Å"recipe† for disaster. In a very interesting sidebar, Spurlock shows the sociological reasons why Big Food became as powerful as it is and how deceptive marketing leads to consumption. However, where Spurlock falters is in the silly belief that my regulating Big Food will yield results. To support his philosophy on this, he compares big tobacco to big food. On the surface, the comparison makes sense because emotionally we wish to see Big Food punished. When we think about the situation logically, we realize that the fault lies not in big food but in ourselves. The comparisons between Big Tobacco and Big Food are compelling on an emotional level, but there are some flaws in terms of the logic. Big tobacco was far more complicit in perpetrating a deadly fraud on the population as opposed to Big Food that merely cut corners that yield a higher fat and sugar content. That is, Big Tobacco knew full well that cigarettes were addictive and the tobacco companies also knew that cigarettes caused cancer, heart disease, etc. To make a bad situation worse, Big Tobacco companies increased and manipulated the levels of addictive nicotine in cigarettes in order to â€Å"hook† smokers. Eventually, the lie was exposed and the number of cigarette smokers in the United States has dropped from 54% of the population in 1964 to less than 25% today. When the truth about cigarettes was discovered, the sales of cigarettes declined dramatically. With Big Food, the truth was never hidden and when confronted with the truth, no one cared and the consumption continued. When it comes to Big Food, the problem of obesity not only lies in the fact that refined and artificial sugars, flavors and fats, all of which were designed to lower costs and increasing profits. The ancillary result of this is that calories will dramatically increase when natural products are replaced with refined products. This DOES NOT mean that the natural products are safe! Brown sugar and saturated fat are high in calories and will lead to obesity much in the same was as refined sugar and trans fat will. Furthermore, no one is so naive to believe that McDonald’s food will not make a person fat nor is anyone naive enough to believe it is healthy. Spurlock attempts to use the case of the two overweight girls in NYC as an example of how big food should be sued in the same way that big tobacco was sued due to complicity in the health problems of smokers. The case of the overweight girls was thrown out of court and for good reason: the girls were STILL overweight when the case was filed. They had never reeled in their food consumption habits and were looking to blame someone for their problems. Spurlock attempted to portray these girls as martyrs and it simply doesn’t work. As a sociological look at the over consumption of food and as a common sense approach to diet and weight loss, Spurlock’s tome is outstanding. As an indictment of the Big Food industry, it is only partially successful. Overall, it is a classic study of human nature that only comes along one in a generation. SPEECH There is an inherent problem that is part of human nature. That problem is the concept that if something brings pleasure, then it must be consumed. There is also another item that is part of human nature. That item is logic and reasoning. By logic and reasoning, we understand that something feels good because in our own minds, we make it feel good. We also understand that within our own minds, we define certain feelings as negative. The problem is that we accept things that feel good for the moment that lead to much misery and pain in the long run. Over consumption of food will make a person feel good for the 15 minutes that it takes to consume an abominable meal at a McDonald’s. When we over consume like this three times a day, seven days a week, we derive a combined amount of pleasure that equals less than four hours. The remaining hours in the weeks, months, years are left with the pain that comes from the obesity derived limitations on our social lives, our physical well being and our mental health. When a person stops to think about it, that isn’t pleasure at all. The consumed food is a mere diversion from a life that is ultimately limited and a limited life is a miserable one. What Mr. Spurlock points out is that if we stay away from the diet pills, stay away from the fad diets, refrain from feeding the Big Food machine with out dollars and cents, we can ultimately live a life that is free from the shackles of obesity. However, what we ask here is something that only a mature adult will understand and children are not mature adults. When a child grows up ingesting food that will ultimately make them sick, the adults who allow such things must be held accountable. Whether it is parents or school officials, there needs to be an external pressure designed to be sure that they place the welfare of the children taking the easy way out. As adults, as Mr. Spurlock shows, it is our responsibility to make the younger generation understand that the pleasure they receive from sugar rushes or the effect laboratory engineered trans fat has on the tastes buds is not real pleasure as it is a transitory gateway to a very limited and miserable life. We must educate and we must pressure and we must be successful at this or the negative cycle that has enveloped young children since the early 1970’s will be an unbroken cycle. Work Cited Morgan Spurlock, Don’t Eat This Book, New York: Putnam’s Sons, 2005.

Othello Essay Topic Iago Isn’t Completely to Blame for This Tragedy as Cassio Was Wrongly Appointed by Othello and This Caused the Tragedy

Iago isn’t completely to blame for this tragedy as Cassio was wrongly appointed by Othello and this caused the tragedy. Do you agree? In William Shakespeare’s seventeenth century play Othello readers can see that Iago isn’t the only one responsible for the tragedies within this text as he didn’t actually kill the Othello or Desdemona and all people have free will and must choose to accept manipulation. Although Iago played a major role in bringing about the disaster evident in this script, other characters played a supporting although vital role. The Elizabethan play is set during a time of war and racial conflict. This social climate breeds insecurity in the minds of its people. Of course Iago plays a major role in the tragedy that is this play. He admits he ‘hate[s] the moor’ and whispers ‘pestilence’ in Othello’s ear. The metaphor is important as Iago admits he knows what he is doing is wrong and realises the power his toxic words will have and still goes ahead. He claims both that he is ‘honest iago’ and that he freely gives Othello his ‘wit, hands and heart’ to serve his Lieutenant though Iago’s actions differ from his words. He tells us he is ‘not what [he appears to be]’ and that â€Å"there are many events in the womb of time† which is a metaphor for the fate he attempts to write for himself-â€Å"hell and night must bring this monstrous birth to the worlds light. † He plays on the racism of the time saying â€Å"if [Desdemona had] seem blessed, she never would have loved the moor† and uses this to build insecurity within Othello- suggesting Moor Othello could never satisfy the ‘appetites’ of a fair skinned woman, him being ‘black Othello’ and their union thus ‘unnatural’ and assumed ‘witchcraft’ by many. He shows his preference for personal gain over honour when Cassio is worried about damaging his reputation after the ‘barbarous brawl’ and Iago rebuts that physical wounds are worse than a damaged reputation which can be easily mended. While he claims to ‘speak to [Othello] with honest kindness, he lies and plans so that â€Å"how much [Desdemona] strives to do him [Cassio] good' by defending his name, the more suspicious will Othello be. This shows that Igao hopes his ‘purpose [shall] work on’ Othello and although he claims he ‘should rather have [his] tongue cut from [his] mouth should [do] do offence to Michael Cassio this is clearly untrue showing his dishonest nature. Thus we see while Iago gives ‘heavenly shows’ he says in an aside, he embodies the juxtaposing idea of ‘hell’ and by turning Othello against Cassio and Othello’s own wife and ruining the one he claims to serve. He admits his desire from the start to make a ‘net’ to catch them all. He makes the most of his ‘sir.. eaten up with passion’ and does not ‘lead directly to the door of truth’ showing his overt responsibility is the death and destruction that his plans propel. There is a time when we can hope that Othello may not believe Iago’s lies anymore- when he demands Iago ‘prove [Othello’s] love a whore’ but then Iago pretends to be hurt claims ‘honesty’s a fool.. since love brings such offence’ suggesting Othello lack of belief in his ensign emotionally wounds Iago. Othello foolishly falls for this. Othello foolishly believes the words of Iago when he claims he ‘lay with Cassio lately.. in sleep [where he claims people confess the truth, he] heard him [Cassio]say sweet Desdemona, let us be wary, let us hide our love and kiss, touch, cry.. curst fate that gave thee to the moor’ and of the sacred handkerchief Othello gave wife Desdemona, ‘such a handkerchief did [Iago claim to] today see Cassio wipe his beard with. ’ He says he doesn’t ‘mock’ Othello but he clearly does and Othello lets him believing Iago ‘will do [Othello’s] command’ when he does his own. Iago is though, assisted by his deceptive wife Emilia. Emilia takes the handkerchief from Desdemona which sets up the supposed ‘proof’ of the accusations Iago makes against Desdemona. She says she ‘found that handkerchief and did give it [to her] husband’ and when Iago tells her he told Othello ‘what [he honestly] thought’ about Desdemona she cannot stand his lies anymore and says his ‘reports have set the murder and [he] has killed the sweet and innocent’ and gives her life to save the name of the woman she loved but also the one she helped to kill. Her guilt propels her to confess her and thus her role cannot be ignored despite the bravery she shows defying Iago’s demand that she ‘get .. home and ‘charm [her] tongue’. Her confession ‘moor, she was chaste’ and that she loved the ‘cruel moor’ is all too late. Emilia said to Desdemona before her lady’s death ‘yes, the world’s a huge thing’ and people in it are bad and women do deceive. She showed her awareness and such an in tune woman should have suspected her husband’s ‘purpose’ with the handkerchief and known it would not be noble and never have given the sacred ‘token’ to him. Roderigo and Cassio clearly also play a vital role in this text. Roderigo supplies the money to fund Iago’s plans and does ‘put money in thy purse’ and help ‘plume up [Iago’s] will’ by doing so. Instead of stopping Iago, Roderigo accepts Iago encouraging Roderigo’s lustful mind. Roderigo could have talked reason into Iago but instead allowed iago to talk lack of reason and deception into his mind. Roderigo payed for his too great a trust in Iago with his life. Iago pushes Roderigo to ‘be a man† in his efforts to convince Rodrigo to go to war and says Roderigo ‘shall enjoy her' if he doesn’t â€Å"drown† in his melancholy state. Even though it is quite clear to everyone else that Desdeomna does ‘love the moor’ and thus all she wants is to marry and ‘live with him’ Roderigo lets his lust push him to obey Iago and ‘take thy stand,’ doing anything possible (even attempting to commit the murder of Cassio) to assist Iago when he should have seen the futility in his pursuance of Desdemona. Roderigo ends up paying for his folly with his life when Iago feels he must be seen to revenge the attack against cassio (who survived) when Cassio lays blame of Roderigo. Roderigo admits ‘It is [his] shame to be so fond [of des] but not my virtue to amend it’ but is pushed into pursuing Desdemona even after his ‘money is spent’ and he admits to having ‘little wit’ left. When Iago attacks him saying ‘what poor are they that have no patience’ he is determined to continue his pursuing when he should give up (and outed iago to Othello instead! to help avoid the tragic end. Cassio, another more subsidiary character played a small but important role in this play. He was promoted when only ‘a bookish theoric’ and ‘arithmetic’ rather than battle smart, having ‘never led a squadron in the field. ’ He was, it is suggested, not deserving of the promotion and thus Iago’s jealousy and anger is made somewhat understandable. We all heard Iago’s words to Cassio: he said to him ‘I think you think that I love you’ and never actually said he does love and or respect him. Cassio doesn’t pick up on this subtlety. Cassio also speaks quiet disrespectfully about prostitute Bianca who has supposedly fallen for him- he laughs and says he will never wed her though she ‘weeps’ on him and hangs off him and to Iago’s assertion that Bianca ‘says [he] shall marry her’ Cassio laughs and says she hangs [off him and] she weeps upon’ him this disrespect although common at this time, is penalised when Othello is set up to overhear the story of this woman’s lust and thinks Cassio talks instead of Desdemona. Although Iago set up this scenario, it wouldn’t have been possible with Cassio showing his significant part. He does though at the end claim Othello was ‘great of heart. ’ Clearly Cassio had to be more perceptive to avoid his part in his Lieutenant’s death. Furthermore Othello and his wife Desdemona have a large role in their destruction. Othello listens to iago’s lies and doesn’t realise who the true ‘green eyed monster’ is. He listens to Iago’s ‘trifles’ he trusts Iago over his beloved. He accepts Desdemona is a ‘whore’ and ‘strumpet’ with no real proof. He previously said she was his ‘good wench’ but turns on her quickly. He also turns quickly on close friend Cassio. He calls Iago ‘friend’ and though at the start he claims ‘tis most true’ he married Desdemona, he doesn’t act like a doting husband. At the start he says he won Desdemona through his ‘whole curse of love’ and ‘not drugs, charms.. magic’ and values her opinion encouraging the court to ‘send for the lady, let her speak ’ as his is confident her word will support his claims it was his tales of ‘boyish days’ that seduced her when he spoke of being ‘taken and sold into slavery’ and came by ‘cannibals’.. she ‘devoured of [his] discourse’ and â€Å"she loved [him] for the dangers [he had] passed. Yet he kills her. It is not Iago’s hand that ‘smother’ his wife, but Othello himself; he had a choice. Additionally, Othello doesn't like fighting and labels it a ‘Christian shame’ ‘barbarous brawl’ and says a man who ‘canâ €™t calm his rage’ is worth little yet his later actions contradict this. Also he says he loves Cassio but doesn’t show this either. Even after saying he ‘found not Cassio’s kisses [Desdemona’s] lips he believes Iago and claims ‘farewell content’, so easily giving up all known happiness for the words of one man. He says ‘make me to see it†¦prove it’ with ‘no loop to hang a doubt on’ and ‘give me a living reason she is not honest’ but there is none but he refuses to see it, to him the ‘handkerchief’ is proof enough. He says of Cassio ‘how shall I murder him now’ and of Desdemona ‘damn her.. lured minx.. she shall not live†¦ my heart is turned to stone’ he says ‘all [his] found love thus [he does] blow to heaven†¦tis gone’ showing he gave up on this love, he blew it to heaven only realised his crimes at the end when he went on to kill himself as self punishment. His role is unable to be denied. Desdemona was ignorant about what people, even those one loves, are capable of and also didn’t explain herself well enough when her husband convicted her. She also knew her death was waiting when he sent her to her room and she sang he willow song about a woman who was killed by her lover. This foreshadowed her death and almost showed a forfeit by this character. She gave Othello ‘a world of sighs’ he says and as she does ‘love the moor’ and love his â€Å"mind† she will obey all he says. And this love blinds her. Such blind love makes her have no fear and thus she is too open about praising Cassio. At this time were many suspected women of affairs. She claims Cassio is ‘an honest face' but she â€Å"truly loves† Othello and that her ‘heart is subdued even to the upmost pleasure of [her] lord’ so that she defies the status of woman as quite, claims her voice and speaks in court and demands to be allowed to go to war with him; ‘let me go with him. ’ But she lies to her ‘good lord’ about the handkerchief claiming ‘it is not lost’ when to her knowledge it is. She says she is Othello’s ‘true loyal wife’ but she is not truthful with him. Though she is maybe too loyal going to bed even after he charges her as being a ‘strumpet’ and committing adultery. Before she dies she claims ‘heaven doth truly know it’, regarding her innocence but some may say she doesn’t do enough to save herself. She says ‘his unkindness may defeat [her] life but never take [her] love’ and earlier said to Emilia she asks ‘there be women who abuse their husbands’ which shows her innocence and great trust of all people and not believing in bad and deception hence a perfect victim and not equipped to defend herself against Othello’s claims. This highlights the role husband and wife both played- her too innocent and him not being her protector, in their deaths. The fact he killed her and he killed himself, regardless of obvious Iago influence shows will power and their responsibility. The denouement reveals that many characters bear some responsibility for the end of the play. The final words of Lodovico shows that Iago bears much blame, after all this is ‘[his] work’, referring to the now dead lieutenant and his ‘true and loyal’ wife. Desdemona’s last words to Emilia, asking her to ‘commend [Desdemona] to [her] lord’ Othello and Othello’s about the importance of her ‘kiss’ and that even as he killed her he stated he ‘shall kill thee now and love thee after’ showed that they loved each other until the end. However they gave into the deception manipulation of others and must accept this as a fault. Othello’s suicide is an admission of his guilt and Desdemona going to her room after Othello warned he would kill her shows an all too easy acceptance of her fate.